Official LOGO

 

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Here I'm presenting you an Official "Temporary" LOGO of my webpage known as RDX REAL DRUG XPERT. 

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Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome

Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome is a Rare but severe form of chilhood onsett epilepsy characterized by multiple form if seizures arising from the different parts of the brain. About 2 to 5% of total child based epilepsies accounts for LGS.

               For more details please find the attachment below.

Images of the details of LGS

Image of the Epileptic network of LGS in CNS

Regards 

Ankit Puri Goswami 

Pharmacist and CCH 

RDX (REAL DRUG XPERT)

Potential oral treatment for COVID-19 identified

 

Potential oral treatment for COVID-19 identified

  Countries around the world are now rushing to vaccinate their populations against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. In the U.S., more than half of adults are now fully vaccinated. But new infections still occur daily. Better treatments are needed to reduce hospitalizations and deaths, and to help prevent spread of the virus.

   The full genome of SARS-CoV-2 has been available to scientists since January 2020. Researchers have also used advanced microscopy techniques to map the 3D structure of the virus proteins in detail. Together, this information lets scientists search for new drugs to treat COVID-19 that are targeted specifically to its structure and functions.

  In a new study, a research team led by Dr. Tracey Rouault from NIH’s Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) looked for new ways to target an enzyme produced by SARS-CoV-2 called RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp).

 SARS-CoV-2 needs RdRp to copy its genetic material once it’s gained entry into human cells. Shutting down RdRp could potentially stop viral replication and prevent disease progression. The results were published on June 3, 2021, in Science.

 Researchers found that a drug called TEMPOL can shut down a key enzyme that the SARS-CoV-2 virus needs to copy itself.

 Further studies are needed to see if the drug can prevent serious COVID-19 infection in people.

 Previous studies of the SARS-CoV-2 RdRp structure suggested that it requires zinc to do its job. However, clusters of iron and sulfur (Fe-S), which are less stable, can fill the same structural role. The team analyzed the sequence of RdRp to identify two potential sites for such Fe-S clusters. They then showed that iron and sulfur, not zinc, are needed at these sites for the protein to function optimally. When the researchers eliminated Fe-S clusters from RdRp, the ability of the enzyme to copy the virus’s genetic material was impaired.

  Since Fe-S clusters are fragile, the researchers next tested whether they could be degraded by drugs. The team focused on a drug called TEMPOL, which can break up Fe-S clusters. TEMPOL has previously been tested for other uses in people and does not appear to have serious side effects.

  The researchers found that TEMPOL inhibited RdRp when tested in human cells. Next, they infected cells with SARS-CoV-2 and administered TEMPOL. The drug blocked the virus from replicating. This inhibition was seen at doses that animal studies of TEMPOL in other diseases have shown could be achieved in tissues such as the lungs and salivary glands after oral administration.

  “Given TEMPOL’s safety profile and the dosage considered therapeutic in our study, we are hopeful,” Rouault says. “However, clinical studies are needed to determine if the drug is effective in patients, particularly early in the disease course when the virus begins to replicate.”

   The study team plans on conducting additional animal studies with TEMPOL. They are also seeking opportunities to evaluate it in a clinical study of COVID-19.

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2-deoxy-D-Glucose, an Anti-Covid Drug Molecule

Ministry of Defence

DCGI approves anti-COVID drug developed by DRDO for emergency use

Posted On: 08 MAY 2021 1:42PM by PIB Delhi

An anti-COVID-19 therapeutic application of the drug 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) has been developed by Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), a lab of Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), in collaboration with Dr Reddy’s Laboratories (DRL), Hyderabad. Clinical trial results have shown that this molecule helps in faster recovery of hospitalised patients and reduces supplemental oxygen dependence. Higher proportion of patients treated with 2-DG showed RT-PCR negative conversion in COVID patients. The drug will be of immense benefit to the people suffering from COVID-19.

Pursuing Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi’s call for preparedness against the pandemic, DRDO took the initiative of developing anti-COVID therapeutic application of 2-DG. In April 2020, during the first wave of the pandemic, INMAS-DRDO scientists conducted laboratory experiments with the help of Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad and found that this molecule works effectively against SARS-CoV-2 virus and inhibits the viral growth. Based on these results, Drugs Controller General of India’s (DCGI) Central Drugs Standard Control Organization (CDSCO) permitted Phase-II clinical trial of 2-DG in COVID-19 patients in May 2020.

The DRDO, along with its industry partner DRL, Hyderabad, started the clinical trials to test the safety and efficacy of the drug in COVID-19 patients. In Phase-II trials (including dose ranging) conducted during May to October 2020, the drug was found to be safe in COVID-19 patients and showed significant improvement in their recovery. Phase IIa was conducted in six hospitals and Phase IIb (dose ranging) clinical trial was conducted at 11 hospitals all over the country. Phase-II trial was conducted on 110 patients.

In efficacy trends, the patients treated with 2-DG showed faster symptomatic cure than Standard of Care (SoC) on various endpoints. A significantly favourable trend (2.5 days difference) was seen in terms of the median time to achieving normalisation of specific vital signs parameters when compared to SoC.

Based on successful results, DCGI further permitted the Phase-III clinical trials in November 2020. The Phase-III clinical trial was conducted on 220 patients between December 2020 to March 2021 at 27 COVID hospitals in Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. The detailed data of phase-III clinical trial was presented to DCGI. In 2-DG arm, significantly higher proportion of patients improved symptomatically and became free from supplemental oxygen dependence (42% vs 31%) by Day-3 in comparison to SoC, indicating an early relief from Oxygen therapy/dependence.

The similar trend was observed in patients aged more than 65 years. On May 01, 2021, DCGI granted permission for Emergency Use of this drug as adjunct therapy in moderate to severe COVID-19 patients. Being a generic molecule and analogue of glucose, it can be easily produced and made available in plenty in the country.

The drug comes in powder form in sachet, which is taken orally by dissolving it in water. It accumulates in the virus infected cells and prevents virus growth by stopping viral synthesis and energy production. Its selective accumulation in virally infected cells makes this drug unique.

In the ongoing second COVID-19 wave, a large number of patients are facing severe oxygen dependency and need hospitalisation. The drug is expected to save precious lives due to the mechanism of operation of the drug in infected cells. This also reduces the hospital stay of COVID-19 patients.

Smart Drugs

#RDX 
#REALDRUGXPERT 
#Pharmacology

Q. The Concept of "Smart Drugs" is Synonymous with which of the following Class of Pharmacological agents ?
A. Neuroleptics.
B. Eugeroics.
C. Psychodysleptics.
D. Nootropics
E.  Neurodepressants.

APG-007 💊💉📚🇮🇳

PHARMACOLOGY

#DrugStory1 This Drug was aimed to be designed as a soft Drug for achieving rapid metabolism and ultrashort duration of action. Introducing ester groups in place of ethyl group of parent molecule gave us a quick metabolism by esterases in the blood to a weakly active metabolite. This Drug having n-octanol/water partition coefficient is 17.9 along with pKa is 7.07 both of which is favourable for this drug to maintain sufficient Blood Brain Barrier distribution. Last but not least moral of the story is This Drug is primarily used in Induction and Maintenance of Surgical Anasthesia.

Q. Which Drug is this ?

A. Fentanyl. 

B. Alfentanyl. 

C. Sufentanyl. 

D. Remifentanyl. 

E. NOTA.

APG-007 📚💊🇮🇳

An Introduction to the Blogger

Hello everyone,

         This is Drx Ankit Puri Goswami a Real Drug Xpert and an Admin to this Blog page. I created this Blog page today with only one thing in my mind and that's to provide all of my Budding Real Drug Xperts called PHARMACISTS a platform for getting knowledge regarding every aspects of Pharmacy Starting right from Drug Discovery to Drug Marketing and so on,,,,APG-007